Observations

Aug 2025: 8.63210

Updated: Sep 12, 2025 1:48 PM CDT

Units:

Percent,

Seasonally Adjusted

Frequency:

Monthly

Notes

Title	Release Dates

Hornstein-Kudlyak-Lange Non-Employment Index including People Working Part-Time for Economic Reasons	2015-12-16	2025-09-12

Source

Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond	2015-12-16	2025-09-12

Release

Hornstein-Kudlyak-Lange Non-Employment Index	2015-12-16	2025-09-12

Units

Percent	2015-12-16	2025-09-12

Frequency

Monthly	2015-12-16	2025-09-12

Seasonal Adjustment

Seasonally Adjusted	2015-12-16	2025-09-12

Notes

The Hornstein-Kudlyak-Lange Non-Employment Index including People Working Part-Time for Economic Reasons (NEI+PTER) is a weighted average of all non-employed people and people working part-time for economic reasons expressed as the share of the civilian non-institutionalized population 16 years and older. The weights take into account persistent differences in each group's likelihood of transitioning back into employment. Because the NEI is more comprehensive and includes tailored weights of non-employed individuals, it arguably provides a more accurate reading of labor market conditions than the standard unemployment rate. For further information about this series, go to https://www.richmondfed.org/research/national_economy/non_employment_index.	2015-12-16	2025-09-12

Release Tables

Hornstein-Kudlyak-Lange Non-Employment Index